How can we create cities of diversity, cultural vigour and beauty, that are also sustainable in economic and environmental terms? Modern cities make a huge impact on their environments, but would still prosper if they were to dramatically reduce their consumption of resources and energy. Waste recycling can massively reduce urban use of resources whilst creating many new jobs; new materials and architectural designs can greatly improve the environmental performance of urban buildings. Cities can also adopt imaginative new approaches to transport planning and management, and the use of urban space. We can dramatically improve the experience of urban life by the creation of new urban villages, reducing the peoples' desire to escape from the pressures of city life.